Making the Most of All Your Resources (Using Whatcha Got!)

July 31, 2007

 

   For all intents and purposes, my land is really not suitable for farming. It is terrible. It wasn't always quite this bad, but I have had years of really nasty stuff happen. The energy seemed to get sucked out of everything. My soil is dead, hard clay, even though I have poured organic material into my fields for almost two decades. Years of drought, alternating with floods, plus all the other metaphysical stuff that has gone on, took its toll. But, I am happy to report, all the perseverance I have poured into my work of creating this farm is finally paying off, as the planet's own energy has shifted, and I completed my spiritual goals.

  And I have done things somewhat differently this year, too. For one thing, I didn't plant anything before the beginning of May (I start everything from seed.) I usually start kales, broccoli, cabbage—the heartier stuff—much earlier, but then it sits in the greenhouse and either bakes or freezes, while outside, the conditions are just not right until May or June.

   My farm is in a valley in a swamp. It is the last to dry out and warm up. If I put plants out too early, they either rot or just die, or, at best, don’t grow.

   For several years in a row, I lost all my tomato plants because I had a killing freeze on May 23. For several years in a row, I replanted (from seed) my tomatoes, and amazingly, I found that the ones I planted so late, actually grew faster, bigger, and healthier, than the ones I started much earlier. Lesson learned. I now plant tomatoes in May and June. I get a later crop than other farms, but I have healthy, productive plants, and it works here, in my space. Go with what works, I always say.

  I have been continuously transplanting all summer, so I will have a constant supply of produce, and it won't all come at once. The first of my kohlrabi should be ready late this week. My Japanese salad kales have been ready for about a week now, and all of my cooking kales are also ready, along with collards, chard, and chicory. Mustard will come next, so my cooking and salad greens will have different components each week. I planted some new lettuces, and they will be ready when the others are done.

  As I mentioned in a previous article, I decided to use up all the old packets of leftover seed I have had from past years. Because I plant so many varieties, I usually don't plant a large quantity of any individual one, and, contrary to popular belief, seeds really do store well. Even though some of these were very old, I got some pleasant surprises.

  Cucumbers were one of them, and the first of the harvest should be ready by the end of the week. I have lots of the very popular French cornichons, Cool Breeze, plus a few Yellow Submarines germinated, along with some Orient Express, Wisconsin SMR, and the novel Painted Serpent.

  One of my big projects for the year has been to build raised beds for my perennial herbs, flowers, and vegetables. I have been hauling blocks from the foundation of the old barn, and there are still tons to unearth. So far, I have dill and borage (which are self-seeding annual herbs), parsley (a biennial), salad burnet and chives, both perennials, in their permanent beds. I have one ready for lemon mint, a perennial, and I just transplanted Florida Broadleaf mustard. Mustard is an annual, but self-seeds profusely. It is actually hard to keep contained—I have it coming up all over the place. The same with the Wild Garden Chicories, which I bought from Territorial Seeds. They have become almost invasive, so I am preparing a permanent bed for them, too. I also transferred my horseradish from a tub to a permanent bed. If anyone needs fresh horseradish, or a plant, let me know. I have tons of it.

  One of the other reasons I am doing this is for weeds control, and as a means to make my own soil. As I said, I have no usable soil at this point on this farm. I grow everything by piling grass clippings on the ground, and covering it with composted horse manure. The plants go directly into that. While I can get away with direct-seeding large seeded crops (like squash and sunflowers) using this method, it has been a number of years since I have been able to plant stuff like carrots or turnips.

  But the raised beds are allowing me to once again grow a greater variety of crops. They actually begin as a tightly packed area of grass clippings covered with a layer of compost or manure. The bed I have in front of the greenhouse began that way, and after a few years of adding leaves, kitchen garbage, and wood shavings from the cats' litter pans (no poop, only urine), I now have rich loam that is virtually weed free. This year it supports my gorgeous Orange Fantasia chard, plus a few beets, but next year, the soil will be fine enough for carrots or another tiny-seeded crop. I am also creating a similar environment using galvanized tubs and old wheel barrows to grow lettuce, herbs, and other greens, plus some radishes. For more on that click here. For photos, click here.

  For the first time in several years, I am tidying up my greenhouse so it is back in full production. I am in the process of planting it now, as another season extender. Unless we have an unusually cold fall, I can keep peppers and other tender crops going without artificial heat until December. This year, I have two varieties of eggplant, four of peppers, and burgundy okra, along with many different tomatoes, morning glories, and herbs, plus some odds and ends.

  The burgundy okra was another surprise germination. The seed was quite old but the plants are healthy. Okra, by the way, is in the same family as hibiscus. It is a similarly beautiful plant and flower as hibiscus, with the added benefit of bearing a tasty fruit.

  An even bigger surprise is the Victoria rhubarb. I had bought a huge packet of seed from Shumway years ago, and planted some, but they never germinated. I thought I just got a bad lot, but I never threw the packet away. Well, I decided to plant some of the packet, rather than just throwing it away, and a few days later (just this week), up they popped. I'll bet there are 1,000 seeds in this packet.

   Years ago, I did put in 100 rhubarb plants I grew from seed. That was one of the years we had those terrible wash-out rains, and my north field sat under water for weeks, killing almost every plant, and I never replaced them. Now I plan to build a permanent raised bed for them.

   Another problem I seem to have solved is the weeds. One of the reasons I have had such a difficult time maintaining fertile soil is because weeding, especially weeds with thick root balls, will pull up the soil with the weeds. This year, I am not weeding, but thickly layering grass clippings and other organic material directly on top of the weeds. It smothers them, or at least slows them down, while creating more organic material as the grass decomposes. If I do weed, the weeds get thrown onto one of the many compost piles I have beside each of my fields. I began doing that about three years ago, and now I have a rich supply of potting soil. I just keep recycling what I can't use, and it all eventually breaks down into loam.

   The tomato blocks is a project I started last year. I am building rows of concrete blocks from the barn, in between which I plant tomatoes. As they get laden with fruit, they rest on the blocks rather than on the ground (with 700 tomato plants, I don't stake them). This worked very well last year, and I had much less rot, slug and other critter damage, plus very good production. I also have three varieties of container tomatoes growing in plastic pots. Container tomatoes are compact, thick-stemmed plants.

  I have made a point to water stuff nearly every day during this dry period. Watering breaks down the organic nutrients in the grass clipping and manure, and makes it readily available for the plants. By using this method, crops will often grow two or three times faster than normal.

  While many of my crops are long term producers, like kale, cucumbers, squash, and tomatoes, other crops like kohlrabi only produce one edible, then they are done. As they get harvested, I have other stuff to go in their place, and what doesn't get replanted will get organic material piled on top of it. I never have a shortage of grass clipping and wood shavings. By next year, I hope to have much more useable loam.

  None of these methods are particularly new to me. I have been using creative methods to farm this land from day one. But what is different this year is that everything seems to finally be coming together in a productive way. And that equals a great harvest.

  I hope many of you can come out to the farm to see all that is going on, and to purchase some fresh, delicious organic produce.

Copyright© 2007 by Laughing Crow